Short cervix as a risk factor of preterm delivery
Talshyn Ukybassova (KZ), Aizada Marat (KZ)
[Ukybassova] CFB “UMC” "National Research Center of Maternity and Childhood", [Marat] JSC "Astana Medical University"
Relevance.Preterm delivery remains a global public health problem due to the high rates of morbidity, mortality and disability in children despite the enormous expenditure. Objective. To rates the frequency and significance of a short cervix in the genesis of preterm birth. Materials and methods. It was a prospective study, analyzed 876 cases. Age of pregnant women varied from 18 to 42 years, median 29,2±3,4 years. Results. The shortening of the cervix up to 25 mm or less was observed in 47 pregnant women, which accounted for 5.3%. Out of those cervical shortening to less than 15 mm was observed in 3, which made 0.34%. After written consent 39 pregnant installed obstetric pessary. 41 out of the 47 pregnant women with a short cervix delivered at term (87.3%), 2(4.2%) had a pontaneous miscarriage at 17 and 21 weeks, 4 (8.5%) had preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation.33 out of 39 pregnant women who had been treated with obstetric pessary delivered at term (84.6%), 4(10.2%) delivered prematurely and 2(5.1%) had late spontaneous miscarriage. Obstetric pessary was removed in 2 cases due to preterm premature rupture of membranes and onset of labour. Conclusion. The frequency of asymptomatic cervical shortening in singleton pregnancies up to 25 mm and less is 5.3%, less than 15 mm is 0.3%. The frequency of preterm delivery in this group is 8.5%, which is higher than in general population of pregnant women in Kazakhstan. The frequency of spontaneous miscarriage is 4.2%. The effectiveness of obstetric pessary in the treatment of a short cervix was 84.6%.