The course of pregnancy after assisted reproductive technology (ART)
Olga Arzhanova (RU), Anna Ruleva (RU), Roman Kapustin (RU), Julia Paikacheva (RU)
[Arzhanova] Ott Reseach Institute of Obstetrics & Gynecology, [Ruleva] Ott Reseach Institute of Obstetrics & Gynecology, [Kapustin] Ott Reseach Institute of Obstetrics & Gynecology, [Paikacheva] Ott Reseach Institute of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Context: During the last decades ART methods became extremely useful for overcoming different forms of sterility. Despite these, the percent of successful pregnancies after ART does not grow and consists 32-36%. Another significant problem is the high rate of obstetrical complications in women after ART. Objective: To study the course of pregnancy after ART. Methods: Observation of gestation process was conducted in 220 women with singleton pregnancies after ART (group I), and 30 women with spontaneous pregnancy (group II). The cinical and common methods for observation of pregnant women have been used. Results: An average patient’s age was different - 36.7 (group I) vs 26.9 (group II) . Analysis of extragenital pathology in ART group showed prevalence of hypertonic diseases (68.2%), and metabolic syndrome (60.2%) - main predictors of endothelial dysfunction. In this group the cases of miscarriage had occurred more often in compare to group II (33.8% vs 6.2%); in 20% cases were non-developing pregnancies. The rate of obstetrical complications during II-III trimesters (preeclampsia, preterm birth, placental insufficiency) was higher in group I. Preeclampsia was on the first place among them (75%). This data can explain the increased rate of placental insufficiency (every 2th patient) and preterm birth (every 5th patient) in the group I. Only 5 patients (16%) from group II had light forms of preeclampsia, another complications didn’t exceed the general population rate. Conclusion: Research shows that it is necessary to put patients after ART into the group with high risk of developing preeclampsia, miscarriage and placental insufficiency. It is necessary to conduct thorough examination of infertile women before ART program in order to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes.